Umpires run the Mahdists, weather, locals and out-of-contact friendly forces; players see only a partial rulebook.
How it works
The Umpire's Handbook holds all rules and Mahdist doctrine and encourages improvising. The Officer's Pocketbook tells players when to roll and what they need, how far their men move, but only general hints about enemy speed and not what hits represent.
It did not contain all the rules, but simply the parts they needed to know to operate their forces.